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Reading ATEX markings: structure, types of protection, special symbols

Every Ex device carries a standardised marking on its nameplate. This article breaks it down completely — from the equipment group to the special symbols “X”, “U” and square brackets.

The structure: two parts, one nameplate

The marking consists of two parts: the marking per Directive 2014/34/EU (Annex II No. 1.0.5) — Ex hexagon, equipment group, category, atmosphere — and the marking per standard (EN IEC 60079-0) with type of protection, group, temperature class and equipment protection level. Using the RW65_EX_II as an example:

II 1 GD Ex ia IIC/IIIC T4 Ga Da
II
Equipment group II — all areas except mining (group I: mining, firedamp hazard)
1
Category 1 — approved for Zone 0 (gas) and Zone 20 (dust), the most severe level
GD
Usable in gas (G) and dust (D) atmospheres
Ex ia
Type of protection intrinsic safety, level “ia” — tolerates two countable faults (EN 60079-11)
IIC / IIIC
Gas group IIC and dust group IIIC — the most demanding group in each case
T4
Temperature class T4 — maximum surface temperature 135 °C
Ga Da
Equipment protection level (EPL) “a” for gas and dust — very high level of protection

The identical marking is also carried by the intrinsically safe LED beacon DKL01 — the system applies equally to every device type.

Types of protection at a glance

The letter after “Ex” names the type of protection — the design principle by which ignition is prevented. For gas atmospheres, the IEC/EN 60079 series defines, among others:

Ex d
Flameproof enclosureEN 60079-1

Enclosure withstands an internal explosion — motors, switchgear

Ex e
Increased safetyEN 60079-7

Ignition sources avoided by design — terminal boxes, luminaires

Ex i
Intrinsic safety (ia / ib / ic)EN 60079-11

Energy limitation in the circuit — instrumentation, sensors; “ia” as the only level down to Zone 0

Ex m
Encapsulation (ma / mb / mc)EN 60079-18

Compound encloses ignition sources — solenoid valves, electronics

Ex p
Pressurised enclosureEN 60079-2

Protective gas under overpressure — cabinets, analysers

Ex o
Oil immersionEN 60079-6

Ignition sources under oil — rare, e.g. transformers

Ex q
Powder fillingEN 60079-5

Filling quenches sparks — rare, e.g. ballasts

Ex n
Type of protection “n”EN 60079-15

Simplified requirements — Zone 2 only

Ex t
Protection by enclosure (dust)EN 60079-31

Dust-tight enclosure with temperature limitation — dust hazardous areas

Gas and dust groups

The group after the type of protection states which substances the device is suitable for. Higher groups include the lower ones — IIC therefore also covers IIB and IIA.

Gas
IIAtypical test gas: propane

lowest ignition sensitivity

IIBtypical test gas: ethylene

medium ignition sensitivity

IICtypical test gases: hydrogen, acetylene

highest ignition sensitivity — includes IIA and IIB

Dust
IIIAcombustible flyings
IIIBnon-conductive dust

e.g. flour, wood dust

IIICconductive dust

e.g. metal dust, soot — includes IIIA and IIIB

Temperature classes

The temperature class limits the device's maximum surface temperature (EN IEC 60079-0, Clause 5.3.2, Table 2). It must stay below the ignition temperature of the gas present:

T1
450 °C
T2
300 °C
T3
200 °C
T4
135 °C
T5
100 °C
T6
85 °C

For dusts, direct maximum temperatures are usually stated instead of T classes. The permissible surface temperature must be checked against the ignition and glow temperature of the specific dust present (EN 60079-14).

Category, EPL and zone — the assignment

ATEX category (Directive 2014/34/EU) and equipment protection level EPL (IEC 60079) describe the same protection level from two sets of rules. The assignment to zones is governed by EN 60079-14, Table 1:

Zone
Category (2014/34/EU)
EPL (IEC 60079)
Zone 0 / 20
Category 1G / 1D
Ga / Da
Zone 1 / 21
Category 1G–2G / 1D–2D
Ga, Gb / Da, Db
Zone 2 / 22
Category 1G–3G / 1D–3D
Ga–Gc / Da–Dc

Special symbols: X, U, square brackets, Ta

Four additions are frequently overlooked in practice — and are legally relevant:

X

Specific conditions of use

An “X” at the end of the certificate number (e.g. “…ATEX 1234X”) means: specific conditions of use apply, stated exclusively in the EU type examination certificate — for example requirements regarding ambient temperature, mounting or electrostatic charging. Compliant use is not possible without reading the certificate (EN IEC 60079-0).

U

Ex component

A “U” identifies an incomplete Ex component (e.g. an empty enclosure) that only becomes usable equipment in combination with further components. Direct use in the zone is not permissible.

[ Ex ia ]

Associated apparatus

Square brackets, e.g. “II (1) G [Ex ia Ga] IIC”, identify associated apparatus: Zener barriers, isolating amplifiers or IS power supplies that are mounted in the safe area and whose circuits lead into the zone. The category in round brackets refers to the connected circuits.

Ta

Ambient temperature range

If the permissible ambient temperature range deviates from the standard range of −20 °C to +40 °C, it must be stated on the nameplate, e.g. “−40 °C ≤ Ta ≤ +60 °C” (EN IEC 60079-0).

Two devices, one system

RW65_EX_II

II 1 GD Ex ia IIC/IIIC T4 Ga Da

Intrinsically safe ATEX differential pressure gauge — Zones 0/1/2 and 20/21/22, ranges from 40 Pa.

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DKL01

II 1 GD Ex ia IIC/IIIC T4 Ga Da

Intrinsically safe 3-color LED beacon — Zones 0/1/2 and 20/21/22, IP67 fully potted.

View product
Related reading

Frequently asked questions

Does our devices' approval match your zone?

Send us your zone, medium and task — we will check whether the RW65_EX_II or DKL01 with their approval (II 1 GD Ex ia IIC/IIIC T4 Ga Da) covers your requirement. We do not offer general ATEX consultancy; for applications using our devices, we provide concrete support.

Note: The content of this page is provided for general guidance and replaces neither the operator's risk assessment nor case-by-case verification by qualified personnel. Responsibility for sizing, equipment selection, installation and operation lies solely with the operator. Despite careful preparation, we accept no liability for accuracy or completeness; the currently valid edition of the applicable regulations and standards prevails.